如何知道 gmail 的 ip address ranges

[chengpercy]

參考網頁：
https://www.sourceonetechnology.com/gma ... ss-ranges/

dig _spf.google.com txt

代碼: 選擇全部

;; ANSWER SECTION:
_spf.google.com.        299     IN      TXT     "v=spf1 include:_netblocks.google.com include:_netblocks2.google.com include:_netblocks3.google.com ~all"

再分別對這三個不同的 FQDN 做查詢
_netblocks.google.com
_netblocks2.google.com
_netblocks3.google.com

dig _netblocks.google.com txt

代碼: 選擇全部

;; ANSWER SECTION:
_netblocks.google.com.  299     IN      TXT     "v=spf1 ip4:35.190.247.0/24 ip4:64.233.160.0/19 ip4:66.102.0.0/20 ip4:66.249.80.0/20 ip4:72.14.192.0/18 ip4:74.125.0.0/16 ip4:108.177.8.0/21 ip4:173.194.0.0/16 ip4:209.85.128.0/17 ip4:216.58.192.0/19 ip4:216.239.32.0/19 ~all"

dig _netblocks2.google.com txt

代碼: 選擇全部

;; ANSWER SECTION:
_netblocks2.google.com. 299     IN      TXT     "v=spf1 ip6:2001:4860:4000::/36 ip6:2404:6800:4000::/36 ip6:2607:f8b0:4000::/36 ip6:2800:3f0:4000::/36 ip6:2a00:1450:4000::/36 ip6:2c0f:fb50:4000::/36 ~all"

dig _netblocks3.google.com txt

代碼: 選擇全部

;; ANSWER SECTION:
_netblocks3.google.com. 299     IN      TXT     "v=spf1 ip4:172.217.0.0/19 ip4:172.217.32.0/20 ip4:172.217.128.0/19 ip4:172.217.160.0/20 ip4:172.217.192.0/19 ip4:172.253.56.0/21 ip4:172.253.112.0/20 ip4:108.177.96.0/19 ip4:35.191.0.0/16 ip4:130.211.0.0/22 ~all"

因為沒有用 ipv6，我只要把 ipv4 的紀錄下來
避免郵件主機的防火牆或是其他規則不小心誤擋了 gmail